Campbell residence, part, 53-65 Spring Street, Melbourne
Butler, Graeme1985
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Title:
Campbell residence, part, 53-65 Spring Street, Melbourne
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Date of work:
1985
Reference number:
BIF-CITY 102057 2
Level of description:
Item from Collection: Heritage Collection (HC)
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Graphic materialsTextual material
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Series: Central City (BIF-CITY)
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UnrestrictedOpen access.
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UnrestrictedPlease contact City of Melbourne Libraries about obtaining permission to reproduce images.
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RESEARCH ADDED BY GRAEME BUTLER 2023:__________________________________________________DATE: 1876-7, 1981-3;ASSOCIATIONS: Campbell, Hon William;DESIGNER: Terry & Oakden; Denton Corker Marshall Peck;BUILDER: Sutherland, James H C.VICTORIA HERITAGE REGISTER H1945https://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/2833Statement of SignificanceWhat is significant?The former residence on the south west corner of Collins and Spring Street was built for a wealth pastoralist, William Campbell (1810-96) in 1877 to a design by architect Leonard Terry. The house, of cement rendered brick construction, originally extended south along Spring Street, but the four storey service wing was demolished in 1975. The surviving two storey section contains the principal rooms. After Campbell permanently left Victoria in 1882 the house was let for a while to William McCulloch (1832-1909). McCulloch was Member of the Legislative Council for Eastern (Gippsland) Province between 1880 and 1903. Later the house was let to members of the pastoralist Chirnside family. Between 1887 and 1901 61 Spring Street was owned by eye and ear surgeons.In 1901 the newly formed Commonwealth of Australia purchased the house, conveniently located close to parliament, for use as ministerial and departmental offices. The office of the Prime Minister was located in the building from 1901 until 1912, when it was relocated to a new purpose-built Commonwealth office block in Treasury Place. Between 1901and 1912 eight prime ministers occupied the 61 Spring Street - Barton, Deakin (three times), Watson, Reid and Fisher (twice). The Commonwealth continued to use the building until the late 1920s when all departments were transferred to the new national capital in Canberra.Internally the house retains its original plan and circulation spaces, including the large entrance hall and the main stair with cast iron balustrades. The large stairwell window is in the form of a Palladian motif, with a large central window flanked by two smaller, narrower panes. The central pane of glass is etched with the Campbell crest, a repeating Scottish thistle motif, and the date 1877.How is it significant?The former residence at 61 Spring Street is of historical, architectural, and social significance to the State of VictoriaWhy is it significant?The former residence at 61 Spring Street is architecturally significant as a rare example of a substantial and largely intact nineteenth century townhouse surviving in the central business district. It has few peers as a townhouse. For its high level of integrity it may be compared to a much earlier house, 300 Queen Street, finished in c1858.The former residence at 61 Spring Street is architecturally significant as a distinctive town house example of Leonard Terry's work. Terry was a distinguished architect who produced a great number of notable buildings throughout Victoria, including many churches, banks and commercial buildings. 61 Spring Street draws on Terry's favoured Renaissance Revival idiom, which is clearly expressed in many of his banks and particularly at the nearby Melbourne Club finished in 1858. However, 61 Spring Street is a less rigorous working by Terry of the Renaissance Revival theme, particularly in the treatment of the projecting central bay with portico.The former residence at 61 Spring Street is historically and socially significant for its association with its original owner William Campbell, one of Australia's wealthy and prominent pastoralists, and with subsequent occupants including the noted Victorian businessman, pastoralist and politician William McCulloch, and members of the prominent Chirnside family. It is also historically and socially significant as the office of the Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia, and other government ministries and departments when the seat of federal government was in Melbourne, prior to its transfer to Canberra in 1927..GRAEME BUTLER 1985 MELBOURNE CENTRAL ACTIVITIES DISTRICT CONSERVATION STUDYBUILDING IDENTIFICATION FORM cites source 78, page 52;_________________________________________MURPHY ARCHITECTS, JOHN AND PHYLLIS 1976. HISTORIC BUILDINGS STUDY OF PART OF THE C.B.D. MELBOURNE : { AREA 1} WITH MURPHY, JOCK, FOR HISTORIC BUILDINGS PRESERVATION COUNCIL. Source 787.15 61 Spring Street - Government OfficesConstruction Date Architect : 1877 : Leonard TerryThe land on the south western corner of Spring and Collins Streets was first sold to Pieter L. Campbell of Sydney in 1839. It passed through several owners before the famous Dr. Geoffrey Howitt (an honorary physician for the new Melbourne Hospital in 1847) purchased it in 1845. Dr. Howitt owned nearly an acre and a half which stretched to Flinders Lane and surrounded himself with a beautiful garden, enclosed by a high brick wall. We are still reminded of his name for Howitt Lane runs northwards from Flinders Lane in the centre of his property.1After Howitt's death in 1864, the land was subdivided. G.W. Petty bought the corner block and sold it to the Hon. Wm Campbell in June 1876,2 who built the substantial, well-proportioned house that still occupies the site, in the following year to the design of the successful and well-known architect, Leonard Terry.The two storeyed entrance which culminates in a pediment at the roof line is distinctive and so too are the little balconies above the bay windows protected by cast iron balustrades. The etched window to the staircase bears the Campbell family crest and motto and the year that the house was built. The building was finally sold to the Government in 1901 and is still used as government offices. It is a fitting building to occupy the corner opposite the Old Treasury. Leonard Terry arrived in Victoria in 1853 and practised alone from 1855 to 1874. He designed many churches, banks and important buildings and was diocesan architect until his death in 1884. In 1874 Percy Oakden joined the firm which then was known as Terry and Oakden. 4Notes1. Kellaway, C., National Trust of Australia (Vic) files 19762. Williams, W. Lloyd, History Trails in Melbourne, Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1957.3. Lewis, Dr. Miles, Architects Index, University of Melbourne.4. Sutherland, A., (ed) Victoria and Its Metropolis, Vol 11, p 533._________________________________________LEWIS, M- AUSTRALIAN ARCHITECTURE INDEX:Record 74508 Campbell, Hon William Melbourne VIC Houses Sutherland, James H C 1876 11 30 7012 MCC registration no 7012 [Burchett Index]. Fee 4.0.0 house Collins near cnr Collins & Spring_________________________________________City of Melbourne online maps1 Collins Street:Office complex of five interlinked buildings incorporating several older buildings with basement parking and ground level retail.These include :61 Spring Street a two storey cement rendered brick former residence. Designed by Leonard Terry in The Renaissance Revival style and built in 1877. Noted for having been the Office of the Prime Minister from 1901-1912 and the office of the War Cabinet from 1914-1918.5-7 Collins Street a three storey rendered brick former residence. Designed by Lloyd Tayler in the Renaissance Revival style and built in 1884 by Martin & Peacock.9 Collins Street 'Grosvenor Chambers' a three storey rendered brick building. Designed by Oakden Addison & Kemp and built by JP Davison in 1887. Originally designed as a purpose built artists' studio it has over the years been the studio of the likes of Charles Summers, Charles Condor, Tom Roberts and John Longstaff.Twin concrete office towers of seven and eighteen storeys designed by Denton Corker Marshall and Robert Peck Von Hartel Trethowan and built in 1984. An overhead walkway joins with 12-20 Flinders Lane._________________________________________NATIONAL TRUST OF AUSTRALIA (VIC)National Trust of Australia (Vic) newsletter Dec 1978-campaign to save the building - date 1877 and Campbell crest etched into hallway window- `land was sub-divided on the death of Mrs Howitt, G. W. Petty acquiring the corner block. This was sold to the Honourable W. Campbell in June, 1876…The building was later sold to Or James Rudolph in 1888 and to the Crown in 190 I. (See the Education Department's Educational Magazine for August 1955)._________________________________________HERITAGE BRANCH, MINISTRY FOR PLANNING & ENVIRONMENT 1987 CITY OF MELBOURNE CENTRAL CITY NOTABLE BUILDINGS CITATIONSSTATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCEThis building, now incorporated into the No 1 Collins Street office development, was bUilt in 1870 as a townhouse for William Campbell, apastoralist and politician. It was designed by Leonard Terry and is the only remaining example of Terry's townhouse work. After 1901 it was usedby the Federal and later State Government and was used for war cabinet meetings during the 1914-18 war. It is an important component of theremaining Victorian residential buildings of Collins Street and has significant political associations._________________________________________VICTORIA HERITAGE DATABASE - NATIONAL TRUST OF AUSTRALIA (VIC)https://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/65602Statement of SignificanceWell suited to corner site. Restrained decoration. Notable iron work, with special reference to fence and balconies. Windows well proportioned. House designed for pastoralist and politician, William Campbell, in 1877 by Leonard Terry. Bought by Federal Government in 1901 and used by Australia's first Prime Ministers until 1912.Classified: 'Regional' 05/06/1958Revised: 03/08/1998See also FileB3869 (5-7-9 Collins Street)Group Statement of Significance: Group Classification, No 61 Spring Street and Nos 5-9 Collins Street, comprise an important group of buildings framing the vista to the Old Treasury Building, one of Victoria's finest buildings. They are integral elements of the precinct at the top end of Collins Street and the sections of Spring Street around the intersection with Collins Street and leading up to Parliament House. The buildings form a unified group on terms of scale and mass whilst at the same time retaining sufficient variety of volume, skyline and architectural detail to add visual interest to the precinct as a whole and to maintain the individual effect of each building. This group also forms a foil to the early twentieth century buildings opposite which are the solution of that time to this singularly important precinct. The buildings are representative of the residential use which was the traditional land use of this end of Collins Street throughout the nineteenth century. The elaborate Boom Style design on Nos 5 and 7 provides an important contrast to the restrained Conservative Classical design of No 61 Spring Street, whilst No 9 repeats the Conservative manner of 61 Spring Street, although constructed well after Nos 5 and 7._________________________________________VICTORIA HERITAGE DATABASEhttps://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/2833Published Extent of Registration03/06/2023 18:071. All of the building known as 61 Spring Street, Melbourne marked B1 and the perimeter fence marked F1 on Diagram No.601167.2. All the land marked L1 on Diagram No.601167, being part of the land described in Certificate of Title Volume.FORMER CAMPBELL RESIDENCE - Plaque CitationThis rare surviving example of a 19th century city townhouse was built for pastoralist William Campbell in 1877 to designs by Leonard Terry. Purchased by the Commonwealth in 1901, it housed the Prime Minister's office until 1912..FORMER CAMPBELL RESIDENCE - Permit ExemptionsPermit Exemption PolicyPolicyThe significance of the place lies in its relatively unaltered external appearance and the generally intact internal room layout and architectural features such as the staircase, cornices, fireplaces, decorative joinery and plasterwork of the principal internal spaces. The more secondary internal areas, containing toilets etc have been altered over time and are of little significance.General Exemptions:General exemptions apply to all places and objects included in the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR). General exemptions have been designed to allow everyday activities, maintenance and changes to your property, which don’t harm its cultural heritage significance, to proceed without the need to obtain approvals under the Heritage Act 2017.Specific exemptions may also apply to your registered place or object. If applicable, these are listed below. Specific exemptions are tailored to the conservation and management needs of an individual registered place or object and set out works and activities that are exempt from the requirements of a permit. Specific exemptions prevail if they conflict with general exemptions.Find out more about heritage permit exemptions here.Specific Exemptions:General Conditions:All exempted alterations are to be planned and carried out in a manner which prevents damage to the fabric of the registered place or object.Should it become apparent during further inspection or the carrying out of alterations that original or previously hidden or inaccessible details of the place or object are revealed which relate to the significance of the place or object, then the exemption covering such alteration shall cease and the Executive Director shall be notified as soon as possible.If there is a conservation policy and plan approved by the Executive Director, all works shall be in accordance with it.Nothing in this declaration prevents the Executive Director from amending or rescinding all or any of the permit exemptions.Nothing in this declaration exempts owners or their agents from the responsibility to seek relevant planning or building permits from the responsible authority where applicable.Exterior:* Repainting of the building provided the walls are painted in a colour resembling cement render and the woodwork and metalwork items are painted in Victorian era paint colours.* Minor repairs and maintenance which replaces like with like.* The process of gardening and the installation, removal and replacement of garden watering systems.Interior:* Redecoration of existing decorated walls and ceilings provided that preparation or painting does not remove evidence of earlier paint or other decorative schemes. Evidence of earlier schemes should be reported to Heritage Victoria.* Installation, removal or replacement of carpets and/or flexible floor coverings.* Installation, removal of curtain tracks, rods, blinds and other window dressings.* Installation, removal or replacement of devices for hanging mirrors, paintings and wall mounted artworks.* Installation, removal or replacement of electrical wiring provided that all new wiring is fully concealed.* Installation, removal or replacement of smoke detectors and burglar alarms.* Installation, removal or replacement of electric light fittings. (NOTE: A permit is required to install recessed light fittings in original ceilings)* Refurbishment of existing wet areas and toilets including removal, installation or replacement of sanitary fixtures and associated piping, mirrors, wall and floor coverings.* Removal and replacement of existing kitchen benches and fixtures including sinks, stoves, ovens, refrigerators, dishwashers etc and associated plumbing and wiring._________________________________________CITY OF MELBOURNE BUILDING PERMIT APPLICATIONSNo Spring St cardhttps://www.ancestry.com.au/imageviewer/collections/60672/images/44777_349572-00011?lang=en-AU&pId=523951-9 Collins Street cards1981-5:1981 53906 $8.5 million multi storey commercial development1983 office partitions1985-1989:1989-1992:_________________________________________PECKVONHARTEL web site- NEWSThe Innovation of 1 Collins Street, Melbournehttps://www.pvh.com.au/04-onecollinsstreet/“An outstanding building of its time and its enduring contribution to the city form and the streetscape of this sensitive precinct.”Australian Institute of Architects, Victorian Chapter (2011) Merit Award for New Commercial BuildingsHeritage listed 1 Collins Street, Melbourne, represents one of the earliest post-modern office towers developed in the Melbourne city centre, inspiring and influencing many of the larger projects built in the 1991 property boom.It was amongst the first developments in Melbourne to introduce the concept of preservation of the front portion of heritage buildings, while allowing for new high-rise construction behind. Uncommon to design practice at the time, this approach to innovate, push boundaries and redefine the norm carries through to our design thinking and approach to projects to date.In a joint venture, the partners at peckvonhartel (then Robert Peck YFHK Pty Ltd) and Denton Corker Marshal won the redevelopment project through an international architectural design competition. The No.1 Collins Street building was completed for $13 million; for a total development cost in the order of $18 million.At that time there were no projects that had retained elements of historical buildings and incorporated a new build as part of the project. In 1979 and 1980 Robert Peck worked with with the then National Trust to obtain their agreement to the elements of the existing buildings they saw as significant. Giving new life to existing buildings, maximising new build potential and creating a special civic offering at the ground level delivered a successful development option, well received by the National Trust and Melbourne City Council.The project was successfully completed in 1985. The site contained four historic buildings, one of which was totally restored and the others retained to a depth of 10 metres from Collins Street. Over a number of years it has been recognised in a number of awards, The Victorian Architecture Merit Award for New Commercial Buildings (2011), The Inaugural William Wilkinson Wardell Medal for the Best Building of the Last Three Years (2012), and The Enduring Architecture Award from the Australian Institute of Architects, Victorian Chapter (2011).Pictured above:peckvonhartel Founding Principal Robert Peck, with the proposed development of 1 Collins Street & 1 Collins Street ‘Inverted Isometric’ by peckvonhartel alumni Elizabeth Dean (1984)1 Collins Street Melbourne today, showing the intersection of 61 Spring Street and 1 Collins Street Office Tower & Proposed Sketch of the 1 Collins Street development by Barry Marshall (Denton Corker Marshal)_________________________________________REAL ESTATE WEB PAGES 2023https://www.realcommercial.com.au/for-lease/property-1-collins-street-melbourne-vic-3000-503955866_________________________________________Bryce Raworth 2020Heritage Impact Statement61 Spring Street, MelbourneApplication for permit – Proposed Works June 2020Brief Description and HistoryThe subject property is located on the west side of Spring Street, at the south corner of Collins Street in Melbourne. The rectangular parcel of land is occupied by a handsome two storey (plus basement) townhouse in the Renaissance Revival style with a symmetrical cement rendered facade presenting to Spring Street. The building was designed by architect Leonard Terry and constructed in 1877 for wealthy pastoralist William Campbell. It continued to serve as a residence until the 1880s, when it was owned by eye and ear surgeons. From 1901 until 1912, the building was occupied by the office of the Prime Minister. Today the building is occupied by a number of commercial office tenancies.Internally the building retains its original plan and circulation spaces, including the entrance hall, main central stair with cast iron balustrades and tripartite stair window with etched glass. Other features include some original door furniture and architraves. A four storey service wing that extended to the south was demolished in 1975.The building connects with the adjoining high rise office building at 1 Collins Street which was constructed in the early 1980s.._________________________________________Redevelopment of 61 Spring Street, 5 & 7 Collins Street {and} 9 Collins Street alternative proposalsAuthor: Peck, Robert W.Personal Author: Peck, Robert W.Publication Information: [Melbourne]: Yuncken Freeman Pt Ltd, 1979VGLS- 607 Sneydes Rd Werribee-1:KRC-DOTVHR_________________________________________TRETHOWAN 2021Statement of Expert EvidenceAmendment C387 to the Melbourne Planning SchemeReport to Planning Panel regarding the property at:516-520 Collins Street, MelbournePrepared for and under instruction ofNorton Rose FulbrightAuthor Bruce TrethowanTrethowan ArchitectureDate 10 August 2021...61 Spring Street and 5, 7 & 9 Collins Street, and 1 Collins Street, MelbourneRelocation and restoration of this series of historic buildings at the intersection of Spring and Collins Street. As part of the works to 61 Spring Street, the interiors was restored and furnished as described in early inventories of the house. These buildings were imported into the 1 Collins Street project.._________________________________________AUSTRALIAN DICTIONARY OF BIOGRAPHYhttps://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/campbell-william-3158`William Campbell (1810-1896), pastoralist, financier and politician, was born on 17 July 1810 at Aberfoyle, Perthshire, Scotland, son of the forester of the Duke of Montrose. He arrived at Sydney in December 1838. For four years he had been general manager of the Lochiel estates, sheep farms in Inverness-shire and Argyleshire, and he brought letters of introduction from the Colonial Office to Sir George Gipps and the Macarthurs of Camden. Within a week of arrival he was appointed superintendent of the Macarthurs' Richlands station near Goulburn. Seven years later he overlanded to Port Phillip with 150 merinos from the Camden stud flock.Campbell searched unsuccessfully for a watered run on the outskirts of unoccupied country in the Port Phillip district, and failed to obtain a licence for land by the Wakool River. He then bought Tourall, a small run near Clunes station, which was held by his brother-in-law, Donald Cameron. In the next fifty years his horizons widened to include pastoral holdings, acquired on behalf of himself and relations, in Victoria, South Australia, New South Wales and Queensland. Through sound management, improved stock breeding and talent for finance, Campbell became one of Australia's richest pastoralists. At least eighteen stations were involved, nine being held concurrently at the peak of his financial activities after the late 1870s. In addition Campbell financed other landholders, lending hundreds of thousands of pounds in return for mortgages over land, stock and wool. He was a large shareholder in Goldsbrough Mort & Co., and a director of the Australasian Agency and Banking Corporation Ltd which was incorporated in Victoria on 6 March 1877, used British and local money to finance pastoralists and accepted consignments of wool. His financial interests were not restricted to land. He was a large shareholder and a director of the Melbourne and Hobson's Bay United Railway Co., and had substantial investments in tramways, gas and meat chilling and freezing companies.Early in 1850 Campbell had discovered gold on Donald Cameron's Clunes station. Fearing that gold mining would ruin pastoral land and would draw off the pastoral labour force, he did not announce his discovery until July 1851. He later claimed he was the original discoverer of gold in Victoria. A select committee of the Legislative Council of 1853-54 voted him a £1000 reward, but he was paid less than half that sum, and gave it all to the men who had helped in his discovery and to a number of hospitals and asylums. In 1856 he published The Discovery of Gold in Victoria.Campbell was active in the separation movement. In November 1851 he was elected for Loddon to the first Victorian Legislative Council. He resigned at the end of the third session and left for England. He returned to Victoria in 1859 and in 1862 was elected to the council as member for North-West Province. Campbell was an ultra-Conservative in his fight to preserve established pastoral interests. In 1855 he published The Crown Lands of Australia in Glasgow. In this book he attacked Lieutenant-Governor Charles La Trobe as a man 'blinded with the love of power', and a 'landjobber'. La Trobe had introduced regulations permitting township and agricultural reserves to be proclaimed on the lease-held lands of the squatters.In September 1877 Victoria introduced a land tax on estates over 640 acres (259 ha) and valued at more than £2500. Campbell strongly opposed the legislation. Unsuccessful in appeals against assessments, he divided his Victorian estates among members of his family so as to exempt the land from the terms of the Act. 'I may retire to the old world, where communism is not so rank as it is here', he wrote to Sir William Macarthur in 1881. In 1882 he printed his Farewell Address to the Electors of the North-West Province, attacking the tax as the work of 'envious, impecunious, wicked demagogues', products of the 'evil changes' of payment of members, the abolition of property qualification for the Legislative Assembly and reduction of qualification for the council. The tax, he claimed, had depressed property values and frightened capital away from Victoria. 'I built here', he said, 'with the view of a permanent residence, but bad legislation has militated against my desire to see my descendants settle here'.Campbell left for England in 1882. His paper, Postal Communication with the East; India in Six, and Australia in Sixteen Days (London, 1883), was read to the Royal Colonial Institute and advocated a railway north of Suez to India with linking lines in Singapore and north Australia, designed to bring Britain closer to the colonies and India. He issued a power of attorney over his Australian financial interests to James Graham, a Melbourne merchant, legislative councillor and fellow member of the Melbourne Club. Campbell kept in close touch, sending detailed observations and advice in weekly letters from London. Graham gave him excellent service. Campbell the expatriate made much money from Australia, judiciously transferring surplus funds to London. Yet the 'evil changes' continued. In 1884 he was angered by New South Wales land legislation, which lacked specific details on compensation and limited leases for the central division, where he had large holdings, to ten years. In 1890 he wrote of land, probate, and income taxes as 'socialistic iniquities'. In 1895 New South Wales introduced a land tax, and Campbell commented that 'the low franchise is at the bottom of the evil'. He added that trade unions had imposed on the Australian employer 'tyranny with a vengeance'.Campbell was an Anglican. He died in London on 20 August 1896, predeceased by his wife Isabella Cameron, two sons and a daughter. A son, Allan, and three daughters survived him. A daughter, Jeannie, married Sir Samuel Wilson, and a son married a daughter of Sir George Bowen.In common with such pastoralists as Niel Black—the men Margaret Kiddle has called 'Men of Yesterday'—William Campbell believed his lands were his by right of pioneering and hard work. He did little in politics except fight to preserve the interests of the old squattocracy, and in this he belonged to the past. However in knowledge of the pastoral industry and financial talent he was very much a man of the moment. 'I can meet all claims and have my Australian investments free of debt and am able to buy the station between Chasselton and Innaminka', he wrote in 1893, the time of great depression. His estate was probated at over £500,000.Select BibliographyHerald (Melbourne), 28 May 1861J. E. Parnaby, The Economic and Political Development of Victoria, 1877-1881 (Ph.D. thesis, University of Melbourne, 1951)P. O'Donnell, William Campbell, Pastoralist and Financier (B.A. thesis, University of Melbourne, 1968)Graham Bros & Co records (University of Melbourne Archives)- house inventory._________________________________________MELBOURNE UNIVERSITY ARCHIVES1961.0014Unit 1981961.0014.00000.0198Estate: W. M. Campbell -papers re sale ofproperties etc._________________________________________NEWSPAPERS (TROVE)1876https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/5905495TENDERS for BUILDING a HOUSE, corner of Collins and Spring streets, for the Hon. William Campbell.The plans and specifications may be soon until the 20th lnst, at the offices of the underslgned.The lowest or any tender will not necessarily be accepted.TERRY and OAKDEN, architects and surveyors,91 Little Collins street.1896The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957) Tue 25 Aug 1896 Page 5https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/8913584DEATH OF MR. WILLIAM CAMPBELL.The death of Mr William Campbell, news of which was received from London yesterday, removes from amongst us another of those sturdy pioneers with whom the history of the colony is so indelibly associated. With him disappears the last remaining member of the first Legislative Council of Victoria, while the older stratum of society will miss him as a Melbourne Club member of 1860. William Campbell was born in Argyleshire in 1810, five years before the battle of Waterloo was fought and on the 17th of last month had completed his 80th year.Leaving Scotland in 18, he landed at Sydney, and at once accepted an engagement with Messrs W. and J. Macarthur at Camden. It was at this period that he formed a friendship with Mr James Graham, which was destined to continue till his death. Mr Graham having had charge since 1882 of Mr Campbell's large interests in pastoral properties in Queens- land, New South Wales and South Australia, as well as his financial business in this colony. In 1840 Mr Campbell decided to entrust his fortunes to the then little known district of Port Phillip, and took up station property on the Loddon, stocking his run with a selection of the far famed Camden merinoes, descendants of the stock originally introduced into Australia by Captain Macarthur. The wisdom of this enter- prise has been abundantly proved by the success which attended Mr Campbell's squatting ventures and even now the Camden merinoes bred on his stations hold a deserved fame amongst breeders. But in the history of the colony Mr Camp- bell's name will perhaps be best remembered in connection with the original discoverer of the Clunes goldfield He had been struck with the resemblance which the soil around Clunes bore to the descriptions which he had read of the geo- logical formation of the auriferous portions of California and when visiting Mr Donald Cameron the holder of the Clunes Station in March 1850 he mentioned his impressions in connection with the matter. An examination of the locality followed, and minute pieces of gold in quartz were discovered. The fact was kept secret under the apprehension that its disclosure would have the effect of ruining the pastoral interest. But in little more than a year afterwards people were being attracted to New South Wales by the discovery of the Bathurst gold fields. To prevent this migration Mr. Campbell made public his discovery. The publication took place on the 8th July, 1851, whereupon there was rush of differs to Clunes where they remained until the end of the following month, when the intelligence that richer ground had been struck took them to Buninyong. A select committee of the first Legislative Council appointed to investigate the claims for rewards of Hargreaves and other discoverers reported that Mr. Campbell was "without doubt the original discoverer of the Clunes gold-field and they recommended that £1,000 should be given him. The Legislative Council voted Mr. Camp- bell £476/4/. Of this sum Mr. Campbell gave one-fourth (£119/1/) to C. M'Lennon (Mr. Cameron's overseer) who was present at the discovery, and picked up "the first decided specimen." A like amount he gave to Mr. Lewis Grant, who was also present at the discovery. The balance (£238/2) he distributed among charitable institutions. Mr. Campbell was among our earliest settlers, and for many years held the Mount Hope run, in the Lodden district. He took an active part in the movement for the separation of Port Phillip from New South Wales, and on that separation being accomplished he was elected to represent the Lodden district in the first Legislative Council. During the second session of that body Mr. Campbell obtained the appointment of a select committee to inquire into the state of the gold-fields. In 1854 he re- signed his seat, and proceeded to England, where he published a work on the squat- ting question. He did not again take part in the public business of the colony until the close of 1862, when he sought for a seat in the Upper House. Mr. George Rolfe, whose term of office had just expired, was soliciting re-election in the North Western province. Mr. Campbell offered himself in opposition, and was re- turned by a large majority. Since 1882 Mr. Campbell had resided in London.To the day of his death he retained full possession of his faculties. In fact Mr. J. Graham, his agent here, received from him a telegram dated August 20 referring to some business matters. On the following day a cable message was received from his son with the brief announcement, "Father died yesterday." A letter from the deceased dealing fully with business affairs is expected by the R.M.S. Oceana tomorrow.1907CUSTOMS ENQUIRY CASE.The following letter has been written by Mr. J. M. Solomon-Senior to the Commonwealth Crown Solicitor (Mr. C. Powers), 61 Spring street, Melbourne…1913THE TARIFF.INTERSTATE' COMMISSION.CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT.A meeting of the Interstate Commission was held at the temporary offices of the Commission, 61 Spring street, Melbourne...1920s1925Home and Territories Department.PACIFIC ISLANDS SHIPPING.SERVICE.Tenders are invited, and will be received at Home and Territories Department, 61 Spring Street, Melbourne, until noon on 30th November, 1925, from persons or companies desirous of contracting for the provision for (a) a term of one year, (b) a term of three years, from 1st February, 1926, of the undermentioned steamship services between Australia and certain Pacific Islands....1930s1935The Standards Association.Applications will be received at the Victorian office of the Standards Association of Australia, 61 Spring-street, city,….New Offices for Milk BoardThe Milk Board will be accommodated in the State offices at 61 Spring street from to-day Since its inception the board has had its offices at the Exhibition Building; As the motor registration branch is being enlarged the board has been moved to Spring street...1936Meeting of Council of Agricultural Education, 61 Spring Street, 10.30.1938AGRICULTURAL COLLEGESApplications ore now being received by the secretary for the Council of Agricultural Education, 61 Spring street, Melbourne, for students desiring to enterDookie and Longerenong agricultural colleges next term, which will begin early in March. Prospectus and full particularsare obtainable from the secretary. As accommodation is limited early application is desirable to ensure enrolment.1939Architecture : an Australasian review of architecture and the allied arts and sciences Vol. 28 No. 3 (1 Mar 1939) -Housing Commission of Victoria has offices there, calls Architectural Competition for design of HCV dwellings and site layout.
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