Zanders No3 Warehouse, later Doyles Free Stores, 22-24 King Street, Melbourne
Butler, Graeme1985
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Zanders No3 Warehouse, later Doyles Free Stores, 22-24 King Street, Melbourne
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Date of work:
1985
Reference number:
BIF-CITY 105400
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Item from Collection: Heritage Collection (HC)
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Graphic materialsTextual material
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Series: Central City (BIF-CITY)
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UnrestrictedOpen access.
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RESEARCH ADDED BY GRAEME BUTLER 2021:__________________________________________________Period: Early VictorianDATE: 1872-3;ASSOCIATIONS: Zander, Cecilia;DESIGNER: Smith, Alexander .L.;BUILDER: Goss & Fleming.VICTORIA HERITAGE REGISTER H0430FORMER ZANDERS NO.3 WAREHOUSEStatement of SignificanceWhat is significant?The former Zanders No.3 warehouse is a bluestone warehouse built in three parts over the years 1854-87. It was originally composed of three storeys, as still reflected in the finely detailed King Street facade, but internally has been reduced in height to one storey. The central doorway has been altered and one adjacent window converted to an access door. The facade was designed by A.L. Smith in 1872 and was completed in 1873. It is clearly influenced by the Renaissance palazzi of Florence and Rome, consisting of a rusticated base, piano nobile and attic storey.How is it significant?The former Zanders No.3 warehouse is of architectural significance to the State of Victoria.Why is it significant?The former Zanders No.3 warehouse is of architectural significance to the State of Victoria as one of the finest intact bluestone warehouse facades in Victoria. The Renaissance Revival style specifically alludes to the wealthy merchants of Florence and Rome..GRAEME BUTLER 1985 MELBOURNE CENTRAL ACTIVITIES DISTRICT CONSERVATION STUDYBUILDING IDENTIFICATION FORM cites source 77,p10;Parapet date.PERROTT, LYON, TIMLOCK AND KESA 1976, C.B.D. STUDY, CITY OF MELBOURNE CONSERVATION STUDY AREA TWO: 8-shows blocks A,B,C plan development:BLOCK B:During 1854-5 George Mouritz occupied what was described, as a 'large stone store and two sheds'. Michael's Bond was adjacent: a 'stone store'.This entry was the first relating to a stone store of any kind in Bowden Alley (Highlander Lane).By 1856 Zander occupied both stores: the latter being owned by James Graham, the former by the Bank of Victoria (as of 1862). It is therefore indefinite but likely that Mouritz still owned the former store, having mortgaged the land, and that when the King Street frontage was sold to Zander, 1872. The rear frontages were sold with it. In 1877 they were known as Zander’s Nos. 1 and 3 stores….VICTORIA AND ITS METROPOLIS, p.579(Precis)ZANDER’S BONDThe business was started in 1852 by J.C. Zander, at La Trobe Street East.In 1855 the business removed to Highlander Lane, at the rear of the present premises Nos. 16, 18, 20 and 22 King Street.In 1858 Mr. Zander died: his widow, Cecilia, and daughter carried on the business. In 1867 the buildings were greatly enlarged (2)In 1882 the land on which the premises fronting King Street, was purchased and the present handsome range of stores were built and completed. Mrs. Zander's stores now occupy (1888) one solid block, frontage 109 feet by a magnificent depth of 200 feet: ground area 21,000 ton capacity.George A. Mouritz(p.493 Victoria and its Metropolis) Arrived in Sydney, January, 1840. Arrived in Pt. Phillip, July, 1840. He became a junior clerk in the office of H.G. Ashhurst and Co., General Merchants. He was continuously engaged in shipping etc. and, on his own account, as a ship owner and coal merchant. Consequent to this association, in 1872, he began to promote the formation of the Harbour Trust. He was instrumental in the formation of the Trust's Constituting Act in 1876.(4)Tenders, Argus: 31.8.1972, p.3.Tenders wanted-bluestone additions to Zander's Bonded Stores, facing King Street.ARCHITECTURAL IMPORTANCE:No.22-4 KING ST.(Built: 1873) This façade is directly comparable with the designed facades, further north on King Street and in Latrobe Street (Refer to 573-7 Lonsdale Street). The elements are arranged in the predetermined fashion of rusticated base, cornice moulding, bracketed, cornice-headed, major windows-plus the smaller attic windows directly over. The whole is topped by a cornice: the central date plaque being the only intrusive element in this simple progression of elements. The ground floor entry alterations are the most disturbing features to this facade: it is presumed that this central axial opening was arch-headed and slightly, taller than, or identical to, its flanking openings but this is uncertain. The only imperfection in the facade, apart from the above alterations, is the over-scaling of the first storey windows, as compared to the ground floor windows. The base is not of sufficient heaviness to prevent top heaviness in the overall facade. Omission of the bracketed window-heads may have prevented this disproportion. This façade must consequently fall behind Nos. 46-52 King Street and Nos. 573-77 Lonsdale Street in the relative value of each but it still retains 'Architectural Importance', (may be compared to the Registered Goldsborough Buildings, corner of Bourke and William Street, which appear to be an assemblage of ill-composed façade additions, especially to William Street)..LEWIS, M- AUSTRALIAN ARCHITECTURE INDEXRecords for Zander:71779 Zander,- Melbourne VIC Warehouses Goss & Fleming 1872 09 17 5010, MCC registration no 5010 [Burchett Index]. Fee 3.3.0 bond store, King - between Flinders and Flinders Lane76448 Smith & Johnson Zander, Mrs Melbourne VIC Warehouses Allen, Thomas B - Neptune St St Kilda 1887 07 5 2867, MCC registration no 2867 [Burchett Index]. Fee 2.2.0 warehouse off Flinders Lane - near King.VICTORIA HERITAGE REGISTERVHR RegistrationMay 17, 1978FORMER ZANDERS NO.3 WAREHOUSE - HistoryContextual History:The land now occupied by the former Zanders No.3 warehouse was owned by George A Mouritz, a coal merchant, until 1872 when he sold it to Mrs Zander. Zanders had the current facade built in 1873. The store formed part of a large complex of stores in the King Street area. The Zanders business was begun in 1852 by J C Zander in Latrobe Street. It moved to Highlander Lane in 1855, at the rear of 16,18,20 and 22 King Street. Mr Zander died in 1858 and his wife continued the business. The buiildings were enlarged and altered several times, including the changes in 1873 to give a unified facade to King Street. By 1888 this store had a depth of 200 feet and a ground area capacity of 21,000 tons..Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 2016Alfred Louis Smith and Arthur Ebden Johnson were architects who designed many public buildings of Melbourne in the classical style.Both architects emigrated to Melbourne from London where they had been trained by leading British architects and designers in the execution of the classical style. After meeting each other in the Colonial Architect's Department they opened a private practice connected with the Public Works Department (PWD). Despite the popularity of other architectural styles of the time such as Gothic, Smith and Johnson practiced in a time when the dignity of classical architecture was still considered the right and proper style for town halls, museums, art galleries and post offices. This perception of public buildings coupled with Smith and Johnson's background gave them great opportunities to execute instrumental buildings in a burgeoning new city flooded with the prosperity of the 1851 Victorian Gold Rush.Works completed by Smith and Johnson included the Bank of Victoria, Imperial Insurance office, and Baring Chambers in Market Street, the Athenaeum, Union Bank and Ebden's house in Collins Street, the Fire Brigade Station in Eastern Hill, Esplanade Hotel in St. Kilda and adjoining residence, the old Fish Market, Presbyterian Church in William Street, numerous banks and large residences, the Melbourne Law Courts, and the Colonial Bank.Their commitment to architecture in Victoria was further exemplified when, in 1856, with T.J. Crouch they were founders of the Royal Victorian Institute of Architects (RVIA), and became members of the Philosophical Institute of Victoria (Royal Society of Victoria) in 1858/59…Alfred Louis Smith, 1830–1907Former Baptist Church, Albert St, East Melbourne. Designed by Smith & WattsBorn in London, Smith trained under the Master Builder Thomas Cubitt, who was from a family of well-respected architects working in the classical style. This experience exposed Smith to an architectural practice involved in building major landmark structures in London. These included the enlargement of Buckingham Palace and the relocation of Marble Arch.[3]After emigrating to Melbourne in 1851 (a partial diary of his trip is held by the Brighton Historical Society), Smith was briefly employed by the Colonial Architects office. It was here that he may have met Arthur Johnson. In April 1852 Smith resigned from this position to establish a private practice. He was in partnership, from 1864 to 1870, with architect and surveyor Thomas Watts (c1826-1915), operating from Smith’s office in Bank Place.[4][5] The two worked together on the designs of a number of large rural homesteads, such as that at Golf Hill Station.[6] Among Smith & Watt’s major projects in the city in the mid 1860s were the designs for the Melbourne Sailors’ Home in Spencer St,[7] the fish market in Flinders Street[8] and the Baptist Church in Albert St, East Melbourne.[9]Smith may have collaborated with Johnson during the period 1852 to 1873, though during this period Johnson was employed by the Public Works Department. It was not until 1873 with success in the Supreme Court competition, that Johnson resigned from the PWD and the practice of Smith and Johnson was formed, with the prime initial commission of the Courts complex.In 1892 Smith was Elected Fellow at the RVIA. He died at Bedford Lodge, St. Kilda, on 18 October 1907, aged 76'Completed works for SmithSteam Packet Hotel[11] 1862–1863 Albert L. Smith 13 Cole Street, Williamstown, Victoria
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| Type | Reference No. | Extent | Status/Desc |
|---|---|---|---|
| Original | 105400 | 1 JPEG : 245 KB ; A4 | Single Item (May not be issued, may not be reproduced) |